PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP STATUS NUTRISI IBU HAMIL
Keywords:
pregnancy, Chronic energy Deficiency, mid-upper arm circumference, health educationAbstract
Latar belakang: Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) Kematian ibu masih cukup tinggi, setiap hari diseluruh dunia sekitar 808 perempuan meninggal akibat komplikasi dalam kehamilan atau persalinan. Menurut WHO, 40% kematian ibu dinegara berkembang disebabkan oleh KEK dan anemia selama kehamilan. Kurang energi kronis (KEK) merupakan keadaan dimana ibu menderita kekurangan makanan yang berlangsung menahun (kronis) yang mengakibatkan timbulnya gangguan kesehatan pada ibu. Ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK lima kali berisiko untuk melahirkan bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Untuk mengetahui ibu hamil mengalami KEK atau tidak dilakukan pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA). Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui status gizi pada ibu hamil yang mengalami resiko KEK sebelum dan setelah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan di Dusun Tunggul Giriwono Wonogiri tahun 2018. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan case study research (studi kasus). Dengan jumlah populasi 16 ibu hamil di Dusun Tunggul, Desa Giriwono wonogiri. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti mengambil 3 informan yaitu ibu hamil multigravida trimester II. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, pengukuran LILA menggunakan pita LILA. Hasil: Didapatkan data pengukuran LILA sebelum pendidikan kesehatan adalah informan 1 dengan LILA sebesar 22,5 cm, informan II 23,5 cm dan informan III 22,0 cm. Pengukuran LILA 2 bulan setelah pendidikan kesehatan didapatkan hasil adalah LILA informan I sebesar 24,5 cm, LILA informan II sebesar 25 cm dan LILA informan III sebesar 24 cm. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan status nutrisi ibu hamil yang mengalami resiko KEK sebelum dan sesudah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan. Program pencegahan KEK pada ibu hamil sebaiknya dijalankan dengan baik terutama dalam pemberian makanan tambahan saat kelas ibu hamil dan pemeriksaan LILA secara rutin.
Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Mother's death is still quite high, every day around the world about 808 women die from complications in pregnancy or childbirth. According to WHO, 40% of maternal deaths in developing countries are caused by CED and anemia during pregnancy. Chronic energy deficiency (CED) is a condition where the mother suffers from chronic food shortages (chronic) resulting in the occurrence of health problems in the mother. Pregnant women who have CED five times more risk to give birth to babies with low birth weight (LBW). To know pregnant women have CED or not, measurement were madeof mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional status of pregnant women who experience the risk of KEK before and after providing health education in Tunggul Giriwono Village, Wonogiri in 2018. Method: This research used a qualitative research with case study research approach.. The
population were 16 pregnant women in Tunggul Village, Giriwono Wonogiri Village. In this study researchers took 3 samples of pregnant women multigravida trimester II. Data collection by using interview, observation, measurement of MUAC to know pregnant women have CED risk. Results: The data obtained from measurement of MUAC before health education are informan 1 with MUAC of 22.5 cm, informan II is 23.5 cm and informan III is 22.0 cm. Measurement of MUAC 2 months after health education, the results obtained were MUAC informan I was 24.5 cm MUAC, informan II was 25 cm and MUAC informan III was 24 cm. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate an increase in the nutritional status of pregnant women who experience the risk of CED before and after the provision of health education. The CED prevention program for pregnant women should be carried out well, especially in providing additional food during pregnancy classes and routine MUAC examinations.