PENGARUH BUERGER ALLEN EXERCISE TERHADAP NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA LANSIA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DI PUSKESMAS KARANGGEDE BOYOLALI
THE EFFECT OF BUERGER-ALLEN EXERCISES ON ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX VALUES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AT THE KARANGGEDE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER, BOYOLALI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56840/jkgsh.v15i2.190Kata Kunci:
Diabetes Melitus, Buerger Allen Exercise, Ankle Brachial Index, Lansia, Diabetes Mellitus, Buerger Allen Exercise, Ankle Brachial Index, Elderly.Abstrak
Latar belakang: Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia dan gangguan metabolisme yang dapat menimbulkan komplikasi vaskular, termasuk penurunan perfusi perifer. Salah satu metode pemeriksaan yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi gangguan vaskular adalah Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). Nilai ABI yang rendah menunjukkan adanya risiko iskemia dan ulkus kaki diabetik. Intervensi non-farmakologis seperti Buerger Allen Exercise (BAE) diketahui mampu memperbaiki aliran darah perifer melalui mekanisme muscle pump dan perubahan gravitasi. Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh BAE terhadap nilai ABI pada lansia penderita DM di Puskesmas Karanggede Boyolali. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan pre–post test. Sampel berjumlah 54 responden lansia penderita DM tipe II yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Nilai ABI diukur sebelum dan sesudah intervensi BAE, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian: menunjukkan rata-rata nilai ABI sebelum intervensi 0,976 (SD 0,3560) dan sesudah intervensi meningkat menjadi 1,046 (SD 0,1891). Uji Wilcoxon menghasilkan nilai Z= -2,041 dengan p= 0,041 (<0,05), yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara nilai ABI sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Kesimpulan: hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai p<0,05 maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian, BAE berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan nilai ABI pada lansia penderita Diabetes Melitus tipe II.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and metabolic disturbances that can lead to vascular complications, including reduced peripheral perfusion. The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is a diagnostic method used to detect vascular impairment. A low ABI value indicates a risk of ischemia and diabetic foot ulcers. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as Buerger-Allen Exercise (BAE), are known to improve peripheral blood flow through muscle pump mechanisms and gravitational changes. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of BAE on ABI values in elderly patients with DM at the Karanggede Community Health Center (Puskesmas) in Boyolali. Research Design: A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach was employed. The sample consisted of 54 elderly respondents with Type II DM, selected using purposive sampling. ABI values were measured before and after the BAE intervention and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Results: The mean ABI value was 0.976 (SD 0.3560) prior to the intervention and increased to 1.046 (SD 0.1891) following the intervention. The Wilcoxon test yielded a Z-value of -2.041 with a p-value of 0.041 (<0.05), indicating a significant difference between pre- and post-intervention ABI values. Conclusion: The analysis showed a p-value <0.05; thus, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. Consequently, BAE has a significant effect on increasing ABI values in elderly patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
